Iranian Journal of Ergonomics
مجله ارگونومی
Iran J Ergon
Medical Sciences
http://journal.iehfs.ir
1
admin
1735-1960
2345-5365
8
10.53208/IJE
14
13
fa
jalali
1392
12
1
gregorian
2014
3
1
1
3
online
1
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fa
شیوع و ریسک فاکتورهای خستگی چشمی در کاربران کامپیوتر
Prevalence and risk factors of visual fatigue in computer users
سایر موارد
Other Cases
پژوهشي
Research
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="text-align: right direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">مقدمه: کار با پایانههای تصویری میتواند با شکایات چشمی بهویژه
خستگی چشمی و علایمی همچون سردرد، اختلال در ادامه کار و اختلالات چشمی مرتبط باشد.
هدف مطالعه حاضر، تعیین میزان شیوع خستگی چشمی و ریسکفاکتورهای مرتبط با آن در کاربران
کامپیوتری دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه در سال 1391 بود</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="text-align: right direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">مواد و روشها: این پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی در روی 260 نفر از
کاربران کامپیوتر انجامشد. دادهها با استفاده از پرسشنامه خستگی چشمی</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> (Visual Fatigue Questionnaire) </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">و پرسشنامه
دموگرافیکی و شغلی جمعآوری گردید. برای تحلیل دادهها از آزمونهای آماری اسپیرمن،
منویتنی و کروسکال-والیس استفادهشد</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="text-align: right direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">نتایج: میانگین (انحراف معیار) سنی کاربران (7.74) 36.74 سال
و ساعات روزانه کار با کامپیوتر (2.28) 5.85/5 ساعت بود. نمره خستگی چشمی افراد برابر
با (1.97) 2.99 بود، بهطوریکه 32.3% کاربران دارای خستگی چشمی شدید بودند. همچنین 45.4 ، 21.9، 32.7و 46.2درصد کاربران بهترتیب دچار استرین چشمی، اختلال دید، اختلال
سطح چشم و مشکلات خارج چشمی شدید بودند. با افزایش سن، سابقه کار و ساعات روزانه کار
با کامپیوتر، میزان بروز خستگی چشمی و شکایات مرتبط با آن افزایش یافت </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">(p<0.05)</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">خستگی
چشمی کاربران عینکدار بیش از بدونعینک (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">p<0.001</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>)</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">و در موقعیت 90 درجه مانیتور
نسبت به پنجره کمتر از دو موقعیت صفر (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">p=0.041</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>)</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">و 180 درجه (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">p=0.036</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>)</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">بود</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="text-align: justify direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%">نتیجهگیری:
شیوع خستگی چشمی در بین کاربران کامپیوتری بسیار بالا بود. با بهکارگیری اصول ارگونومی
از قبیل استراحتهای منظم و کوتاهمدت، نگاهکردن به اجسام دور، پلکزدن منظم و کاهش
خیرگیهای مستقیم و غیرمستقیم، میتوان از خستگی بینایی و مشکلات جدی بعدی پیشگیری
کرد.</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt line-height: 107%"></span></p>
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Introduction: Working with Visual Display Terminals (VDTs) can be associated with visual complaints particularly visual fatigue and symptoms including headache, disruption in continuing the work and ocular disorders. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of visual fatigue and its related risk factors in computer users of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2013.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was achieved on 260 computer users. The data were collected by Visual Fatigue, demographic and job questionnaires. For data analysis, Spearman, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used.
Results: The mean (SD) age of the users was 36.74 (7.74) and daily working time with VDTs was 5.85 (2.28) hours. Visual fatigue score was 2.99 (1.97), so that 32.3% of computer users had severe eye fatigue. Meanwhile, 45.4, 21.9, 32.7 and 46.2 percentage of users suffered severely from eye strain, visual impairment, eye-surface disorder and extra-ocular problems. Visual fatigue incidence and its compliments were significantly increased with increasing of age, work experience and daily working hours with computer (p<0.05). Visual fatigue was higher in users wearing glasses than those not wearing glasses (p<0.001) and was lower in monitor to window angle of 90º than two other monitor to window positions of 0º (p=0.041) and 180º (p=0.036).
Conclusion: The prevalence of visual fatigue among computer users was very high. Visual fatigue and its serious consequences can be prevented by applying the principles of ergonomics such as regular and short breaks, looking at distant objects, blinking regularly and reducing the direct and indirect glares.
خستگی چشمی, کاربران کامپیوتر, اصول ارگونومی
Visual Fatigue, Computer User, Ergonomically Principles
47
54
http://journal.iehfs.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-75-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Mansour
Ziaei
منصور
ضیائی
ziaei.mansour@gmail.com
10031947532846001359
10031947532846001359
No
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه
Hamed
Yarmohammadi
حامد
یارمحمدی
yarmohammadi68@yahoo.com
10031947532846001360
10031947532846001360
No
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه
Meisam
Moradi
میثم
مرادی
ziaei.mansour@gmail.com
10031947532846001361
10031947532846001361
No
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه
Faramarz
Gharagozlou
فرامرز
قره گوزلو
gharagozlouf@yahoo.com
10031947532846001362
10031947532846001362
Yes
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه