fa تأثیر آموزش اصول ارگونومیک بر کاهش ریسک ابتلا به اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی به روش RULA در کاربران رایانه سایر موارد Other Cases پژوهشي Research <!--stripped--> <o:officedocumentsettings> <o:relyonvml> <o:allowpng> </o:allowpng></o:relyonvml></o:officedocumentsettings> <!--stripped--> <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0% direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><b><span lang="FA">مقدمه:</span></b><span lang="FA"> اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی یکی از مشکلات رایج در میان کاربران رایانه می­باشد که در طی سالیان دراز مورد توجّه محققین قرارگرفته و راهکارهای متفاوتی از سوی آن­ها برای رفع مشکل پیشنهاد گردیده است. در مطالعه حاضر نیز به بررسی تأثیر آموزش ارگونومی بر کاهش سطح ریسک ابتلا به اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی کاربران رایانه پرداخته می‌شود. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0% direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><b><span lang="FA">مواد و روش­ها:</span></b><span lang="FA"> در این مطالعه تعداد 110 نفر از کاربران رایانه بخش اداری دانشگاه به‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب به‌طور مساوی به دو گروه مداخله و کنترل تقسیم شدند. افراد گروه مداخله در برنامه آموزشی آشنایی با اصول ارگونومی کار با رایانه شرکت داده شدند.<span> </span>بررسی شیوع دردهای اسکلتی-عضلانی با استفاده از پرسشنامه نوردیک انجام شد و شیوه ارزشیابی </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt">RULA</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="FA">برای تعیین سطح ریسک قبل و 6 ماه بعد از آموزش به کار گرفته شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های آماری تی مستقل و زوجی مورد تجزیه ‌و تحلیل قرار گرفت.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0% direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><b><span lang="FA">یافته‌ها:</span></b><span lang="FA"> شیوع ناراحتی عمدتاً در اندام‌های کمر (55.4%) و گردن (54.5%) گزارش شد و نمره سطح ریسک حدود 31% برای افراد تحت مطالعه قبل از مداخله در محدوده خطر بود. پس از اجرای برنامه آموزشی، به‌طور قابل ملاحظه‌ای در گروه مداخله کاهش یافت (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt">P<0.05</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>) امّا این تفاوت در گروه کنترل معنادار نبود.</span><span lang="FA"> </span><span dir="ltr"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0% direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><b><span lang="FA">نتیجه­ گیری:</span></b><span lang="FA"> نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که اجرای برنامه مداخله­ای صحیح می‌تواند سطح مواجهه کارگران به ریسک فاکتورهای<span> </span>ابتلا به اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی را کاهش دهد و به‌عنوان یک عامل مکمل برای ارتقاء کارایی اقدامات ارگونومیک در نظر گرفته شود.</span><span lang="AR-SA"></span></p> <!--stripped--> <o:officedocumentsettings> <o:relyonvml> <o:allowpng> </o:allowpng></o:relyonvml></o:officedocumentsettings> <!--stripped--> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0%" class="MsoNormal"><b><span>Introduction</span></b><span>: Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the leading problems among computer users. They have attracted increasing attention over years and different solutions have been proposed for their resolution. This study evaluated the effects of </span><span class="hps"><span>ergonomic training on reducing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in computer users</span></span><span>.</span><span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0%" class="MsoNormal"><b><span>Materials and Methods</span></b><span>: This study was conducted among the office workers of a university. A total of 110 computer operators were randomly selected and allocated to intervention and control groups. The intervention group was trained about the ergonomic principles of working with computers. </span><span>Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was used to investigate the prevalence of </span><span>musculoskeletal disorders. </span><span>Moreover, rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) was applied to determine the risk of musculoskeletal disorders before and </span><span>six months after training. </span><span>Data was analyzed using </span><span>independent and paired t-test</span><span>.</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0%" class="MsoNormal"><b><span>Results</span></b><span>: The highest </span><span>frequency of musculoskeletal disorders </span><span>was seen in the back (55.4%) and neck (54.5%). In addition, risk assessment before the intervention suggested 31% of the participants to be high-risk. After the training program, significantly lower risk was detected in the intervention group. No such a significant difference was present in the control group.</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0%" class="MsoNormal"><b><span>Conclusion</span></b><span>: The results of this study showed that corrective actions can reduce the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (</span><span>WMSDs). </span><span>They can thus be implemented</span><span class="hps"><span> </span></span><span>to </span><span class="hps"><span>enhance the effectiveness of ergonomic measures</span></span><span>.</span></p> <!--stripped--> <!--stripped--><w:trackmoves><w:trackformatting><w:punctuationkerning><w:validateagainstschemas><w:donotpromoteqf><w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables> <w:snaptogridincell> <w:wraptextwithpunct> <w:useasianbreakrules> <w:dontgrowautofit> <w:splitpgbreakandparamark> <w:enableopentypekerning> <w:dontflipmirrorindents> 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<!--stripped--><!--stripped--> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal" mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0 mso-style-noshow:yes mso-style-priority:99 mso-style-parent:"" mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt mso-para-margin:0in mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt mso-pagination:widow-orphan font-size:10.0pt font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif" mso-bidi-font-family:Arial} </style> <!--stripped--> </w:donotpromoteqf></w:validateagainstschemas></w:punctuationkerning></w:trackformatting></w:trackmoves> ارگونومی, کاربران رایانه, مداخله آموزشی, اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی Ergonomic, Computer operators, Training intervention, Musculoskeletal disorders 25 32 http://journal.iehfs.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-265-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Athena Rafieepour آتنا رفیعی پور 10031947532846002625 10031947532846002625 No shahid beheshti university of medical science انشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی Elnaz Rafieepour الناز رفیعی پور 10031947532846002626 10031947532846002626 No Ashahid beheshti university of medical science دانشگاه تربیت مدرس Marzieh Sadeghian مرضیه صادقیان arp_63@yahoo.com 10031947532846002627 10031947532846002627 Yes PhD Student of Occupational Health, Students’ Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran. دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی مهندسی بهداشت حرفه‌ای، گروه بهداشَت حرفه‌ای، دانشکده بهداشت، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.