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Showing 4 results for Systematic Review
The Effects of Lighting on Mental and Cognitive Performance: A Structured Systematic Review
Rostam Golmohammadi, Mohsen Mehdinia, Reza Shahida, Ebrahim Darvishi,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract

Introduction: Lighting affects many non-visual functions such as Circadian rhythm, alertness, core body temperature, hormone secretion and sleep. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lighting on human cognitive and mental performance.
Methods: In this systematic review, databases including ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, PubMed and Science Direct were searched to access the relevant studies. The search was performed using the keywords "Lighting" and "Illumination" and "Cognitive Performance", "Mental Performance", "Memory ", "Attention", and "Concentration" by title, keyword and abstracts of articles published in mentioned databases from 2010 to 2016.
Results: Lighting affects human cognitive performance in three areas of psycho-cognitive (visual comfort, visual perception, color recognition, identification of symbols, attention, working memory, learning, reaction time and brain function), biocognitive area (alertness, mood, vitality, subjective feelings, motivation, well-being and quality of sleep) and mental workload (amount of workload, psychological stress, and mental fatigue). The best light to regulate cognitive, biological (circadian rhythm) and mental processes is bright daylight in the morning with a short wavelength (wavelength 420-480 nm) and high intensity (1000lx).
Conclusions: Lighting design in addition to providing comfort and visual needs should provide the non-visual and cognitive needs such as attention, alertness, mood, sleep quality and decrease mental fatigue and eventually well-bing.


Application of Electroencephalography (EEG) in Ergonomics: A Systematic Review
Seyed Abolfazl Zakerian, - Bahram Kouhnavard,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (12-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Electroencephalography is one of the non-invasive and relatively inexpensive methods that can be used to evaluate neurophysiology and cognitive functions. This systematic review study was performed with the aim of using electroencephalography (EEG) in ergonomics.
Methods: In this review study, all articles published in Persian and English on the application of electroencephalography (EEG) in ergonomics from March 20, 2010 to March 21, 2021 were reviewed. For this purpose, a systematic search of articles was performed using the keywords cognitive ergonomics, mental fatigue, electroencephalography, EEG and brain waves in the databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of science, SID, Scopus, Magiran Iran Medex.
Results: Most studies were conducted between 2015 and 2020 (41 papers) and most of the subjects were car drivers. Selected articles were reviewed in seven areas of mental fatigue, mental workload, mental effort, visual fatigue, working memory load, emotions, stress, and error diagnosis. The journal Perceptual and Motor Skills, followed by Applied Ergonomics, published the largest number of related articles.
Conclusion: In the reviewed articles, the assessment of a person's mental states, especially when driving a vehicle, has been further studied and through it, tracking, monitoring and various tasks of working memory have been followed. Future research should focus on the use of computational methods that take into account the dynamic and unstable nature of EEG data. Such an approach could facilitate the development of fatigue detection systems and automated adaptive systems.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Injuries among Iranian Music Students and Musicians: A Review Study
Zahra Akbari-Chehrehbargh, Niloofar Navaei, Hamidreza Navaei,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (5-2023)
Abstract
Objectives: Scientific evidence shows that artistic activities, such as playing music, can put individuals at risk for specific musculoskeletal injuries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and location of musculoskeletal injuries among Iranian music students and musicians, as well as to identify the related risk factors for their occurrence.
Methods: To find published studies without time limitations, a detailed search was conducted in databases including Pubmed, Scopus, Google Scholar, the Scientific Information Database (SID), and Magiran using appropriate keywords. In this investigation, we only reviewed cross-sectional studies that were available to explore the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and their related risk factors among eligible music students and musicians from Iran. Review articles with less than five participants and articles written in languages other than English and Persian were excluded from the study.
Results: Out of 19 studies found, after removing duplicates and similar studies, 7 cross-sectional descriptive-analytical studies with a sample size of 1,444 eligible participants were reviewed. The prevalence of injuries ranged from 53% to 65%. The most common area of pain was the neck and shoulders, which were present in all types of instruments. Being female was a predisposing factor for musculoskeletal problems in musicians.
Conclusion: Iranian music students and musicians often suffer from musculoskeletal injuries. The most common areas of the body where these injuries occur are the neck and shoulders. There are multiple risk factors, such as age, improper posture, and duration of training, for musculoskeletal injuries in this population.

Investigating the Effectiveness of Safety Interventions to Reduce Traffic Accidents in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review
Maryam Afshari, Mehdi Kangavari, Farogh Mohammadian, Shahnaz Maleki, Farideh Kazemi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Objectives: Traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of death among pregnant women. One of the investment for maternal and neonatal health is targeted interventions to increase maternal safety to prevent traffic accidents. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of identifying and categorizing different types of safety interventions to reduce traffic accidents among pregnant women.
Methods: The study was a systematic review. Intervention articles were searched from Persian databases, such as Magiran, Iran Medex and SID and English scientific information databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane, Sciencedirect, Embase, Science of Web and Scopus. All identified articles were collected by one person using Endnote software. The full text of the articles was then reviewed by two researchers and the articles that met the entry criteria were identified. Other articles were added to the previous collection of articles using Forward Citation and Backward Citation Reviews. The EPHPP instrument was used to assess the quality of the studies.
Results: The initial search resulted in finding 5329 article abstracts. Finally, two intervention studies were selected for evaluation in this study. One study used an educational/behavioral approach and the other used an engineering/approach. Both studies reported that they had produced significant changes in the desired outcome of seatbelt use in pregnant women. The quality of one study was rated as poor and the other as moderate.
Conclusion: Safety interventions to reduce traffic accidents among pregnant women have been tested only to a very limited extent worldwide. It seems that there is still much room for study in the field of safety interventions to reduce traffic accidents among pregnant women.

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