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Investigating EEG Alpha Variations for Mental Fatigue Detection on Car Driving Simulator
Faramarz Gharagozlou, Jebraeil Nasl Saraji, Adel Mazloumi, Ali Nahvi, Ali Motie Nasrabadi, Abbas Rahimi Foroushani, Mohammadreza Ashouri, Mehdi Samavati,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (Journal of Ergonomics 2013)
Abstract

Introduction: Driver fatigue is one of the major causes of accidents in roads. It is suggested that driver fatigue and drowsiness accounted for more than 30% of road accidents. Therefore, it is important to use features for real-time detection of driver mental fatigue to minimize transportation fatalities. The purpose of this study was to explore the EEG alpha power variations in sleep deprived drivers on a car driving simulator.

Materials and Methods: The present descriptive-analytical study was achieved on nineteen healthy male car drivers. After taking informed written consent, the subjects were requested to stay awake 18 hrs before the experiments and refrain from caffeinated drinks or any other stimulant as well as cigarette smoking for 12 hrs prior to the experiments. The drivers sleep patterns were studied through sleep diary for one week before the experiment. The participants performed a simulated driving task in a 110 Km monotonous route at the fixed speed of 90 km/hr. The subjective self-assessment of fatigue was performed in every 10 minute interval during the driving using Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS). At the same time, video recordings from the drivers face and their behaviors were achieved in lateral and front views and rated by two trained observers. Continuous EEG and EOG records were taken with 16 channels during driving. After filtering and artifact removal, power spectrum density and fast Fourier transform (FFT) were used to determine the absolute and relative alpha powers in the initial and final 10 minutes of driving. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics, Pearson and Spearman coefficients and paired-sample T test were employed to describe and compare the variables.

Results: The findings showed a significant increase in KSS scores in the final 10 minutes of driving (p<0.001). Similar results were obtained concerning video rating scores. Meanwhile, there was a significant increase in the absolute alpha power during the final section of driving (p=0.006).

Conclusion: Driver mental fatigue is considered as one of the major implications for road safety. This study suggests that alpha brain wave rhythm can be a good indicator for early prediction of driver fatigue.

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The Impact of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Occupational Risk Factors on the Physical Status of Iranian Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review
Mehran Maleki Roveshti, Mehdi Raei, Firouz Valipour,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (Iranian Journal of Ergonomics 2023)
Abstract
Objectives: Musculoskeletal disorders are an important issue in many healthcare work environments. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate musculoskeletal disorders and occupational risk factors on the physical status of medical staff in Iran.
Methods: In this systematic review, eligible studies from national and international databases, such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, SID, Magiran and IranMedex from 1390 to 1400 were independently analyzed by two researchers based on the preferred reporting cases of the Guidelines for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) . MeSH keywords and phrases were used to implement the search strategy.
Results: Of the 360 articles, the full text of 24 articles was finally examined. The results of the study showed that the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal abnormalities and complaints among workers in the last 12 months was related to neck pain (46.01%). Furthermore, among the 24 occupational risk factors identified, prolonged standing (20.83%) and repetitive movements (16.66%) are the most important factors for the occurrence of physical complaints among healthcare workers.
Conclusion: The results of this study can play an important role in strengthening and improving the country's health system in terms of individual, administrative and organizational measures in health centers. In this way, the physical needs, the psychological and ergonomic stresses of the working environment and the health of the treatment staff can be improved.

Correlation between Subscales of Mental Workload and Physical and Mental Dimensions of Chronic Fatigue in Small Industries and Related Jobs
Rohollah Fallah Madvari, Reyhane Sefidkar, Reza Raeisi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (Iranian Journal of Ergonomics 2024)
Abstract
Objectives: Mental workload and chronic fatigue in the workplace are challenges that affect employees' capabilities and health. The aim of this study is to examine the correlation between the subscales of mental workload and various physical and mental dimensions of chronic fatigue in small industries and related jobs.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on employees of small industries in Eghlid with a sample size of 247 participants. Data were collected using three questionnaires: demographic information, NASA-TLX, and Chalder fatigue scale. For data analysis, Spearman's correlation test and SPSS software were used.
Results: The results showed significant differences between marital status, age groups, and work experience across different occupations, while no significant differences were found based on education level. The highest mean score of the mental workload subscales was related to the physical demand subscale, while the lowest was related to the frustration subscale. Significant differences were observed in the scores of mental workload subscales across different job categories, but no significant differences were found in the scores of physical and mental fatigue dimensions across job types. All mental workload subscales, except for performance, had a direct correlation with physical and mental fatigue dimensions, while the performance subscale showed an inverse relationship.
Conclusion: The findings of this study emphasize the importance of a more precise understanding of the relationship between mental workload and fatigue in workplace environments and could contribute to improving working conditions and the quality of life for employees in small industries.

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